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Introduction to  Geology DANTES Practice Test
									  
									  1) The  ability of a mineral to resist scratching is called
                                      A)  luster
                                        B)  Durability
                                        C)  Hardness
                                        D)  Streak 
                                      2) The  breaking of a mineral along definite planes is called
                                      A)  Cleavage
                                        B)  Fracture
                                        C)  Crystalline lattice
                                        D) Crystal faces 
                                      3) The two  most abundant elements in the earth’s crust are
                                      A)  Oxygen and silicon
                                        B)  Oxygen and aluminum
                                        C)  Silicon and aluminum
                                        D)  Oxygen and carbon 
                                      4)  Obsidian, also known as volcanic glass, was formed
                                      A) By  magma that cooled under varying conditions
                                        B) By very  slow cooling magma
                                        C) By  magma that cooled in contact with other rock
                                        D) By  very fast cooling magma 
                                      5) The principal means of  transporting sediments is
                                      A) Wind
                                        B) Water
                                        C)  Gravity
                                        D)  Storms 
                                      6) If  granite were exposed to intense heat and pressure, it would likely become
                                      A)  Granite
                                        B)  Gneiss
                                        C)  Conglomerate
                                        D)  Marble
                                      7)  According to the rock cycle, continental crust can be created by the process of
                                      A)  Melting
                                        B)  Uplift
                                        C)  Metamorphism
                                        D)  Erosion 
                                      8)  Chemical weathering is slowed by
                                      A)  Tropical climates
                                        B) High  temperatures
                                        C)  Decaying vegetation
                                        D) Lack  of moisture 
                                      9) Mass  wasting is due to all the following EXCEPT
                                      A) Water
                                        B) Peer  pressure
                                        C)  Gravity
                                        D) One  or more triggers 
                                      10) The particles in a sand dune deposit are small  and very well-sorted. They have surface pits that give them a frosted  appearance. This deposit was most likely carried by
                                      A) Ocean  currents
                                        B)  Glacial ice
                                        C) Wind
                                        D)  Gravity 
 
                                      DSST Practice Test Answer Key:
                                      
                                        - C:) Hardness. The Mohs Scale of hardness  identifies which minerals can scratch which other minerals and which ones  resist scratching based on their degree of hardness.
- A:) Cleavage. Cleavage occurs when a mineral  breaks along definite planes while fracture occurs when a mineral breaks along  an irregular (rough or jagged) surface.
- A:) Oxygen and silicon. Oxygen makes up 46.6%  and silicon makes up 27.7% of the earth’s crust.
- D:) By very fast cooling magma. Glassy texture  means the magma cooled very fast and did not form crystals.
- B:)  Water. Water – in streams and glaciers, underground, and in ocean currents – is  the principal means of transporting material from one place to another.
- B:) Gneiss. Granite metamorphoses into gneiss.
- B:) Uplift. Because magma is deep inside the  earth, it must be uplifted in order to ooze or spew onto the surface of the  earth where it solidifies (crystallizes) to become igneous rock which forms  continental crust.
- D:) Lack of moisture. Decomposition is rapid  when moisture and warmth are present but minimal in regions of low temperatures  or low moisture.
- B:) Peer pressure. Mass wasting is the  gravitational force influencing downslope movement of rock and soil. Water is  important in the process. Water can cause pore pressure. Mass wasting usually  needs one or more triggers.
- C:) Wind. Deposits that have surface pits that give  a frosted appearance have been carried by the wind.